Patenting the knowledge developed by an inventor or a company involves the creation of an intellectual property right to ensure that the knowledge is documented and that the rights of the rightful author are protected against, for example, copying by competitors. In addition, the patent is a right that can be sold or licensed provided that there is a demand for the knowledge, the producer of the knowledge is willing to sell or share the knowledge and considers the compensation offered to be fair. The resulting transactions take place in what are known as technology markets. The aim of the project is to map the emergence of the Swedish patent system during the period 1819-1930, especially with regard to its consequences for the emergence of technology markets for patents. To achieve this purpose, the participants in the research project use unique data in the form of a database of all Swedish patents for the period and archival material that provides examples of the behavior of Swedish companies and inventors. The main interest is in trying to understand and explain how different actors act within the patent system and in what respects technology markets have emerged and in what form. The research project is conducted in three sub-projects: 1) The emergence of the patent system and the institutional conditions of technology markets; 2) Technology market actors: Size, geography, strategies and search patterns; 3) Networks and relationships: Intermediaries and internationalization.