In Parkinson's disease, alpha-synuclein accumulates in brain neurons and medium-sized forms of this protein, known as oligomers, are particularly harmful. We have produced antibodies against oligomers and shown in a mouse model that, after injection into the peritoneal cavity, these can be transported to the brain and reduce the amount of harmful alpha-synuclein and also reduce the risk of severe late motor disorders.

In one study, we have shown that mice show subtle gait and behavioral disturbances as early as two to four months of age. In an ongoing study, we are therefore investigating whether these early symptoms can also be prevented with antibodies. The treatment will be completed in January 2018, followed by a series of brain tissue analyses.

In addition to this study, we are mapping another mouse model and investigating whether we can get even better effects by using a harmless virus that allows antibodies to form directly in the neurons. Preliminary data suggests that treated mice get high levels of antibodies in the neurons and we are now planning a larger study to see if this strategy can also reduce pathology and symptoms in the mice.

This research program represents important steps in the development of new treatment strategies for Parkinson's disease. We believe the prospects are realistic. Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's disease is being tested clinically, including with an antibody developed by the research group.

The project is led by Professor Martin Ingelsson and will be carried out at Uppsala University in 2017-2019.