The purpose of this continuation grant is to investigate succession practices in a number of Swedish business families during the period 1890-1990. Previous research has often emphasized the importance of examining succession processes from a gender perspective. The project aims to study how, why and in what way sons are often chosen over daughters as leaders in family businesses. The study is of relevance as Sweden is often seen as a pioneer in gender equality, but has at the same time struggled with gender imbalance in business. The project consists of two case studies, the first of which examines how families chose successors and how succession practices were coordinated within the family. Women often played key roles, but fathers also planned the upbringing of their children. When and how did it become possible for a female family member to enter the boardroom? The second case study examines those children who were not considered suitable as successors in the family business. Were older siblings always given priority over younger ones? For example, what happened to younger siblings, could they take subordinate positions in the business? What happened when sons-in-law were brought into the family business, could they replace the roles of daughters? Microhistorical and biographical methods are used to examine and compare archived material on three family dynasties. Complementary material from newspapers and interviews is also used. The project aims to provide new knowledge about why gender structures can be difficult to change over time in large family businesses.