A number of labor market conflicts related to low-wage competition with posted workers have been highlighted in the public debate across the EU Member States. Judging from the debate, most citizens seem to have a more negative attitude towards low-wage competition in the import of services than in the import of goods. This project aims to analyze how attitudes towards different forms of foreign trade relate to individuals' economic self-interest by testing how well the short-term and long-term trade theory models can explain an individual's attitude. The analysis in this project will be based on data from a survey study (from 2007) of attitudinal data collected through interview surveys and as yet unpublished data from a follow-up survey (from 2011). This extensive data set, collected for other purposes, provides a unique opportunity to contribute to the empirical political economy literature on trade policy and in particular to the scarce empirical literature on the specific factor model. But above all, it is important to learn more about attitudes towards trade competition in the light of labor market conflicts that hinder deeper integration of European markets.